Delaware Health and Social Services Public Drinking Water Annual Compliance Report And Summary 2002 Table of Contents Section Page # Section 1 The Office of Drinking Water: An Overview i Section 2 2002 State Summary ii Section 3 Summary of Violations 1 Section 4 Enforcement Actions 16 Section 5 List of Systems in Violation 19 The Office of Drinking Water Program: An Overview In 1974 Congress adopted the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established the Public Water System Supervision (PWSS) Program under the authority of the SDWA to regulate the drinking water provided by public water systems. Under the SDWA and the 1986 Amendments, EPA set national limits on contaminant levels in drinking water to ensure that the water is safe for human consumption. These limits are known as Maximum Contaminant Levels or MCLs. The State of Delaware has adopted these limits for use in State Regulations governing drinking water. The SDWA allows States to seek EPA approval to administer their own PWSS programs. The authority to run a PWSS program is called primacy. The State of Delaware was granted primacy in 1978. In order for Delaware to receive primacy, it had to meet certain requirements laid out in the SDWA, including the adoption of drinking water regulations that are at least as stringent as the Federal Regulations and a demonstration that it could enforce the program requirements. The SDWA, EPA regulations and State regulations require that all public water systems (PWSs) monitor the drinking water for contaminants. Generally the larger the population served by the water system, the more frequent the monitoring must occur. In addition, if a PWS violates an MCL, or fails to conduct monitoring the system must notify the public of the violation. This is known as public notification. Due to the small size of Delaware, the Division of Public Health, Office of Drinking Water (ODW) has traditionally conducted almost all the monitoring for PWSs in Delaware. A few of the larger water systems conduct their own monitoring and report the results to ODW. All of the Community water systems (cities, towns, mobile home parks, etc.) and the Non-Transient, Non-Community water systems (schools, day cares, factories, etc.) are required to collect samples for compliance with the Lead and Copper Rule. These samples are to be analyzed by a certified laboratory and the results submitted to ODW. Transient, Non-Community water systems (restaurants, parks, rest stops, etc.) are not required to conduct lead and copper monitoring. In 1996 the SDWA was amended once more with several changes. One of these changes was the requirement for ODW to prepare an annual compliance report as stated in the SDWA, Section 1414(c)(3)(A)(i) and distribute the report as specified in Section 1414(c)(3)(A)(ii). The purpose of this report is to provide a total annual representation of the number of violations in each of the following categories: MCLs, treatment techniques, variances and exemptions, and significant monitoring violations. This annual report covers the time period of January 1 - December 31, 2002. It is broken down into five parts: the introduction, a general fact sheet on drinking water for the State of Delaware, a table listing of the number of violations and enforcement actions taken by the Division of Public Health, and a listing of the PWSs that were in violation (including dates and types of contaminants), and a conclusion. Information on Delaware's public water systems may be found on the internet in EPA's Envirofacts webpage at the following address: www.epa.gov/enviro/html/sdwis/sdwis_query.html. The Office of Drinking Water also maintains a webpage at: www.deph.org/hsp/odwhome.htm. Please note that the data stored here may be slightly different than the data on this Annual report. This is due to errors, which the Office of Drinking Water is in the process of correcting. Public Drinking Water Summary Delaware 2002 The quality of drinking water in the State of Delaware is a concern for everyone. This document is a brief overview of the State's public drinking water. Included is everything from general information to a breakdown of the number of violations that occurred during 2002. If further information is needed or questions arise concerning how these numbers were obtained, please contact the Division of Public Health, Office of Drinking Water at (302) 739-5410. General Information Total land area of Delaware 1,592,960 acres Population of Delaware 783,600 Forest 398,0001 acres (25%) Percent served by individual wells 19% Agriculture 557,550 acres (35%) Percent served by public water supplies 81% Developed 318,6003 acres (20%) Primacy Granted to State by EPA 1978 Wetland/Barren 318,6003 acres (20%) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Delaware's Drinking Water * Public Water Systems * Major Sources of Surface Water * Residents served by public water systems 635,171 Brandywine River Basin * Christina River Basin * Residents served by surface water systems 272,800 Red Clay/White Clay Creeks * Residents served by ground water systems 362,371 Major Sources of Ground Water * Number of public water systems 513 Columbia Aquifer * Community systems 229 Cheswold Aquifer * Non-transient systems 105 Piney Point Aquifer * Transient systems 179 Number of gallons of Public Water Used in Delaware each day: 101 mgd * Number using surface water 3 3 * Number using ground water 510 Delaware's Public Drinking Water Program Many services are provided to the public consumers and the water supply systems. Funding comes from State and Federal monies allotted to the public drinking water program for the State of Delaware. Two components of the Division of Public Health, the Office of Drinking Water and the Division of Public Health Laboratory provide the services for the public drinking water program with these allotted monies. The Office of Drinking Water (ODW) works to ensure that the drinking water in Delaware meets or exceeds the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). This is accomplished through the review and approval of plans for new or improved water treatment systems and/or new or improved distribution systems. ODW also conducts all the monitoring for 98% of the public water systems (ten systems conduct their own monitoring and forward the results to ODW). ODW staff also inspect water systems, provide technical assistance, respond and handle emergencies, review monitoring results to ensure compliance with the SDWA and take enforcement actions when necessary. Additionally, ODW provides training to water system operators and owners regarding system operation and compliance with rules and regulations. The Office of Drinking Water contracts with Delaware Technical and Community College and the Delaware Rural Water Association to provide training to water systems operators. The State Laboratory performs water analyses for water quality parameters as outlined in the SDWA. Operations Budget Information Inspections 152 Total Budget $ 1,295,636 Plans & Specifications Reviewed 135 Federal Budget $ 521,500 Projects requesting DWSRF funding 17 State Budget $ 774,136 Infrastructure Investment Money Available $10,904,794 Number of Staff Authorized 19 Training Provided Number Certified Operators 475 Training classes offered 98 Operators Trained 828 State: Delaware Reporting Interval: Jan-Dec 2002 MCL (mg/l) MCLs Treatment Techniques Significant Monitoring/Reporting Number of Violations Number of Systems With Violations Number of Violations Number of Systems With Violations Number of Violations Number of Systems With Violations Organic Contaminants 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 0.2 0 0 0 0 1,1,2-Trichloroethane .005 0 0 0 0 1,1-Dichloroethylene 0.007 0 0 0 0 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene .07 0 0 0 0 1,2-Dibromo-3- chloropropane (DBCP) 0.0002 0 0 0 0 1,2-Dichloroethane 0.005 0 0 0 0 1,2-Dichloropropane 0.005 0 0 0 0 2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin) 3x10-8 0 0 0 0 2,4,5-TP 0.05 0 0 0 0 2,4-D 0.07 0 0 0 0 Acrylamide 0 0 Alachlor 0.002 0 0 0 0 Atrazine 0.003 0 0 0 0 Benzene 0.005 0 0 0 0 Benzo[a]pyrene 0.0002 0 0 0 0 Carbofuran 0.04 0 0 0 0 Carbon tetrachloride 0.005 0 0 0 0 Chlordane 0.002 0 0 0 0 cis-1,2- Dichloroethylene 0.07 0 0 0 0 Dalapon 0.2 0 0 0 0 Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate 0.4 0 0 0 0 Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 0.006 0 0 0 0 Dichloromethane 0.005 0 0 0 0 Dinoseb 0.007 0 0 0 0 Diquat 0.02 0 0 0 0 Endothall 0.1 0 0 0 0 Endrin 0.002 0 0 0 0 Epichlorohydrin 0 0 Ethylbenzene 0.7 0 0 0 0 Ethylene dibromide 0.00005 0 0 0 0 Glyphosate 0.7 0 0 0 0 Heptachlor 0.0004 0 0 0 0 Heptachlor epoxide 0.0002 0 0 0 0 Hexachlorobenzene 0.001 0 0 0 0 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 0.05 0 0 0 0 Lindane 0.0002 0 0 0 0 Methoxychlor 0.04 0 0 0 0 Monochlorobenzene 0.1 0 0 0 0 o-Dichlorobenzene 0.6 0 0 0 0 Oxamyl (Vydate) 0.2 0 0 0 0 para-Dichlorobenzene 0.075 0 0 0 0 Pentachlorophenol 0.001 0 0 0 0 Picloram 0.5 0 0 0 0 Simazine 0.004 0 0 0 0 Styrene 0.1 0 0 0 0 Tetrachloroethylene 0.005 0 0 0 0 Toluene 1 0 0 0 0 Total polychlorinated biphenyls 0.0005 0 0 0 0 Toxaphene 0.003 0 0 0 0 trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 0.1 0 0 0 0 Trichloroethylene 0.005 0 0 0 0 Vinyl chloride 0.002 0 0 0 0 Xylenes (total) 10 0 0 0 0 Total trihalomethanes 0.10 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 0 0 0 0 Inorganic Contaminants Antimony 0.006 0 0 0 0 Arsenic 0.05 0 0 0 0 Asbestos 7 million fibers/l ? 10 ?m long 0 0 0 0 Barium 2 0 0 0 0 Beryllium 0.004 0 0 0 0 Cadmium 0.005 0 0 0 0 Chromium 0.1 0 0 0 0 Cyanide (as free cyanide) 0.2 0 0 0 0 Fluoride 4.0 0 0 0 0 Mercury 0.002 0 0 0 0 Nitrate 10 (as Nitrogen) 14 12 0 0 Nitrite 1 (as Nitrogen) 0 0 0 0 Selenium 0.05 0 0 0 0 Thallium 0.002 0 0 0 0 Total nitrate and nitrite 10 (as Nitrogen) 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 14 12 0 0 0 0 Radionuclide MCLs Gross alpha 15 pCi/l 0 0 0 0 Radium-226 and radium-228 5 pCi/l 0 0 0 0 Gross beta 4 mrem/yr 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 0 0 0 0 Total Coliform Rule Acute MCL violation Presence 5 5 Non-acute MCL violation Presence 46 37 Major routine and follow up monitoring Sanitary survey 0 0 Subtotal 51 42 0 0 Surface Water Treatment Rule Filtered systems Monitoring, routine/repeat 0 0 Treatment techniques 0 0 Unfiltered systems Monitoring, routine/repeat 0 0 Failure to filter 0 0 Subtotal 0 0 0 0 Lead and Copper Rule Initial lead and copper tap M/R 29 24 Follow-up or routine lead and copper tap M/R 0 0 Treatment installation 0 0 Public education 0 0 Subtotal 0 0 29 24 Definitions for Summary of Violations Table The following definitions apply to the Summary of Violations table. Filtered Systems: Water systems that have installed filtration treatment [40 CFR 141, Subpart H]. Inorganic Contaminants: Non-carbon-based compounds such as metals, nitrates, and asbestos. These contaminants are naturally-occurring in some water, but can get into water through farming, chemical manufacturing, and other human activities. EPA has established MCLs for 15 inorganic contaminants [40 CFR 141.62]. Lead and Copper Rule: This rule established national limits on lead and copper in drinking water [40 CFR 141.80-91]. Lead and copper corrosion pose various health risks when ingested at any level, and can enter drinking water from household pipes and plumbing fixtures. States report violations of the Lead and Copper Rule in the following six categories: Initial lead and copper tap M/R: A violation where a system did not meet initial lead and copper testing requirements, or failed to report the results of those tests to the State. Follow-up or routine lead and copper tap M/R: A violation where a system did not meet follow-up or routine lead and copper tap testing requirements, or failed to report the results. Treatment installation: Violations for a failure to install optimal corrosion control treatment system or source water treatment system that would reduce lead and copper levels in water at the tap. [One number is to be reported for the sum of violations in both categories]. Lead service line replacement: A violation for a system's failure to replace lead service lines on the schedule required by the regulation. Public education: A violation where a system did not provide required public education about reducing or avoiding lead intake from water. Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest amount of a contaminant that EPA allows in drinking water. MCLs ensure that drinking water does not pose either a short-term or long-term health risk. MCLs are defined in milligrams per liter (parts per million) unless otherwise specified. Monitoring: EPA specifies which water testing methods the water systems must use, and sets schedules for the frequency of testing. A water system that does not follow EPA's schedule or methodology is in violation [40 CFR 141]. States must report monitoring violations that are significant as determined by the EPA Administrator and in consultation with the States. For purposes of this report, significant monitoring violations are major violations and they occur when no samples are taken or no results are reported during a compliance period. A major monitoring violation for the surface water treatment rule occurs when at least 90% of the required samples are not taken or results are not reported during the compliance period. Organic Contaminants: Carbon-based compounds, such as industrial solvents and pesticides. These contaminants generally get into water through runoff from cropland or discharge from factories. EPA has set legal limits on 54 organic contaminants that are to be reported [40 CFR 141.61]. Radionuclides: Radioactive particles which can occur naturally in water or result from human activity. EPA has set legal limits on four types of radionuclides: radium-226, radium-228, gross alpha, and beta particle/photon radioactivity [40 CFR 141]. Violations for these contaminants are to be reported using the following three categories: Gross alpha: A violation for alpha radiation above MCL of 15 picocuries/liter. Gross alpha includes radium- 226 but excludes radon and uranium. Combined radium-226 and radium-228: A violation for combined radiation from these two isotopes above MCL of 5 pCi/L. Gross beta: A violation for beta particle and photon radioactivity from man-made radionuclides above 4 millirem/year. Reporting Interval: The reporting interval for violations to be included in this PWS Annual Compliance Report, which is to be submitted to EPA by July 1, 2002, is from January 1, 2002 through December 31, 2002. Surface Water Treatment Rule: The Surface Water Treatment Rule establishes criteria under which water systems supplied by surface water sources, or ground water sources under the direct influence of surface water, must filter and disinfect their water [40 CFR 141, Subpart H]. Violations of the "Surface Water Treatment Rule" are to be reported for the following four categories: Monitoring, routine/repeat (for filtered systems): A violation for a system's failure to carry out required tests, or to report the results of those tests. Treatment techniques (for filtered systems): A violation for a system's failure to properly treat its water. Monitoring, routine/repeat (for unfiltered systems): A violation for a system's failure to carry out required water tests, or to report the results of those tests. Failure to filter (for unfiltered systems): A violation for a system's failure to properly treat its water. Data for this violation code will be supplied to the States by EPA. Total Coliform Rule (TCR): The Total Coliform Rule establishes regulations for microbiological contaminants in drinking water. These contaminants can cause short-term health problems. If no samples are collected during the one-month compliance period, a significant monitoring violation occurs. States are to report four categories of violations: Acute MCL violation: A violation where the system found fecal coliform or E. coli, potentially harmful bacteria, in its water, thereby violating the rule. Non-acute MCL violation: A violation where the system found total coliform in samples of its water at a frequency or at a level that violates the rule. For systems collecting fewer than 40 samples per month, more than one positive sample for total coliform is a violation. For systems collecting 40 or more samples per month, more than 5% of the samples positive for total coliform is a violation. Major routine and follow-up monitoring: A violation where a system did not perform any monitoring. [One number is to be reported for the sum of violations in these two categories.] Sanitary Survey: A major monitoring violation if a system fails to collect 5 routine monthly samples if sanitary survey is not performed. Treatment Techniques: A water disinfection process that EPA requires instead of an MCL for contaminants that laboratories cannot adequately measure. Failure to meet other operational and system requirements under the Surface Water Treatment and the Lead and Copper Rules have also been included in this category of violation for purposes of this report. Unfiltered Systems: Water systems that do not need to filter their water before disinfecting it because the source is very clean [40 CFR, Subpart H]. Violation: A failure to meet any state or federal drinking water regulation. Enforcement Actions Enforcement actions are taken when a public water system violates a maximum contaminant level (MCL) as specified in regulations or fails to conduct proper monitoring and/or reporting (MR) for a particular contaminant. A Notice of Violation (NOV) is the first action taken. This notifies the owner/operator of a public water system that there has been a violation. The next action taken is the issuance of a Public Notice (PN) that the owner/operator is required to hand-deliver or post in a conspicuous place. This notifies the consumers of the water that there was a violation, what the violation was, possible related health effects and preventative measures the consumer can take until the violation is corrected. A Boil Water Notice is issued when a water system violates the bacteria standard and the presence of E. coli or fecal coliform is detected. This requires immediate notice to all consumers informing them on how to make their water safe for consumption. The two remaining enforcement actions, an Administrative Order (AO) and a Bi-Lateral Compliance Agreement (BCA) are used when a water system repeatedly violates an MCL or when a history of violations is present. The AO can mandate the installation of continuous chlorination or the abandonment of a well with persistent violations, for example. An AO is time sensitive, usually with 30 days in which the owner/operator must submit plans. A BCA is a written contract between the system and ODW in which the violations are outlined and the steps the system is going to take to correct the violation are outlined. The BCA is also time sensitive, but generally more time is granted for the system to correct the violation. Examples of a BCA include the installation of new wells or the re-piping of a water system in order to correct a violation. Enforcement Actions Notice of Violations 73 MCL / 5 MR Public Notices 73 MCL / 5 MR Administrative Orders 6 Boil Water Orders 8 Bi-Lateral Compliance Agreements 1 Data Management The Office of Drinking Water uses a d-Base based system to inventory water supplies, record sampling results and track compliance with monitoring and MCL requirements. The database includes information about: water supply facilities, water sources, treatment used, and sampling results. MCL compliance for the Phase II and V and Lead and Copper data is tracked on a Microsoft® Excel program. The Office of Drinking Water will be switching to a new data management system in 2002. Compliance Highlights Number of Samples Collected in 2002 Systems Given Waivers in 2002 Systems In Compliance in 2002 % of State Served by Compliant Systems Number of Systems not in Compliance during 2002 Bacteriological 8,239 N/A 476 96.1% (92.5%) 37 Surface Water Treat. Rule 0 N/A 3 100% (100%) 0 Nitrates 1253 N/A 501 99.8% (97.6%) 12 Routine Chemicals 812 N/A 513 100% (100%) 0 Inorganic 80 0 513 100% (100%) 0 Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOC) 254 0 5138 100% (100%) 0 Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOC) 462 0 336 100% (100%) 0 Lead and Copper7,8 489 95.9% (95.3%) 24 EPA Program Goals and Measures # of Water Systems Population Served Required to install corrosion control treatment 0 Violation Resolution Contaminant Type Health Level Violations Occurring In 2002 Violations Reconciled By the End of 2002 State Investment People Benefited Bacteriological 46 42 N/A 33,850 Surface Water Treatment Rule 0 N/A N/A N/A Nitrates 14 9 N/A 1,701 Inorganic 0 N/A N/A N/A Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOC) 0 0 N/A N/A Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOC) 0 N/A N/A N/A Lead and Copper 0 N/A N/A N/A System Viability N/A N/A N/A N/A List of Systems in Violation The following list is the names, population served and dates of violations for all the systems that were in violation during the calendar year 2002. This list is broken down into the various types of violations and is in alphabetical order for your convenience. Bacteria Violations System Name Population Served Date Violation Occurred Aquatic Resource Center 25 3/19/2002 Avalon Woods 306 11/7/2002 Baltimore Air Coil 200 7/30/2002 Baltimore Air Coil 200 3/22/2002 Beach Babies Day Care 130 2/5/2002 Beach Babies Day Care 130 8/2/2002 Blantons Mobil Home Park 36 11/13/2002 Bombay Hook Refuge 150 4/18/2002 Bombay Hook Refuge 150 5/21/2002 Bombay Hook Refuge 150 11/21/2002 Camden-Wyoming Sewer and Water 3500 8/30/2002 Central Delaware Christian Academy 25 12/18/2002 Colonial Estates MHP 165 12/4/2002 Colonial Estates MHP 165 2/22/2002 Delaware State Fair 1200 10/7/2002 Delaware State Police Troop 5 40 9/6/2002 Dover Indoor Tennis Club 80 10/16/2002 Dover Skating Center 500 6/17/2002 E.I. Dupont 2500 11/14/2002 English's Family Restaurant 450 5/28/2002 English's Family Restaurant 450 12/4/2002 Felton Water Department 1591 6/26/2002 Fenwick Center II 150 6/20/2002 Flying Dutchman MHP Sys II 30 3/8/2002 Frederica Water Dept. 870 12/27/2002 Granada Mobile Home Court 138 6/5/2002 Gumboro General Store 250 6/27/2002 Hilltop Trailer Park 135 11/25/2002 Inn at Montchanin 80 1/11/2002 J & J Mobile Home Park 84 7/9/2002 J & J Mobile Home Park 84 12/4/2002 Kimothys Place 50 12/2/2002 Bacteria Violations (continued) System Name Population Served Date Violation Occurred Laws Mobile Home Park 105 12/4/2002 Moores Lake Plaza 230 7/9/2002 Mt Pleasant Trailer Park 117 12/17/2002 Natl. Vulcanized Fiber Sys III 25 4/23/2002 Natl. Vulcanized Fiber Sys III 25 6/7/2002 Panda Early Education Center 82 7/25/2002 Papen Farms Labor Camp 55 10/4/2002 Redfin Seafood 200 5/22/2002 Redfin Seafood 200 7/18/2002 Rehoboth District 18,619 6/3/2002 Shining Time Day Care Center 30 2/1/2002 Shoppes of Mt Pleasant 200 10/25/2002 Tuckahoe Acres II 738 5/21/2002 United Parcel Service 100 10/8/2002 Victorian Village 90 1/11/2002 Water Still, The 30 6/13/2002 Wawa #830 1000 11/1/2002 Willies Game and Tap Room 74 11/7/2002 Windsong Farms 129 8/20/2002 Total # of Violations: 51 # of Systems Affected: 40 # of Repeat Violators (Systems): 8 Total Population At Risk: 34,509 Bacteria Monitoring Violations Systems which failed to collect the required number of samples during any monitoring period in 2002 System Name Population Served Date Violation Occurred Total # of Violations: 0 # of Systems Affected: 0 # of Repeat Violators (Systems): 0 Total Population At Risk: 0 Nitrate Violations (maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/l) System Name Population Served Date Violation Occurred Nitrate Level (mg/l) Briarwood Manor 296 01/24/2002 13.0 Bridgeville Commercial Park 30 8/6/2002 11.0 Central Delaware Christian Academy 140 8/29/2002 11.0 Immanuel Kings Kids Academy 85 5/24/2002 27.0 Pit, The 25 3/19/2002 11.0 Pit, The 25 9/26/2002 11.0 Rainbow Inn 100 8/21/2002 11.0 Savannah Place 81 6/17/2002 11.0 Shells Child Care Center II 35 1/7/2002 11.0 Tastee Freeze 100 1/3/2002 13.0 Tastee Freeze 100 4/18/2002 11.0 Tuckahoe Acres I 897 5/21/2002 13.0 Villas of Grandview 107 2/20/2002 12.0 Willies Game and Tap Room 74 12/27/2002 11.0 Total # of Violations: 14 # of Systems Affected: 12 # of Repeat Violators (Systems): 2 Total Population At Risk: 1970 Lead and Copper Rule Systems Which Have Failed to Conduct Monitoring System Name Population Served Date Violation Occurred Aquatic Resource Education Center 25 4/3/2002 Aquatic Resource Education Center 25 9/10/2002 Au Claire School 40 4/19/2002 Bridgeville District 1350 6/18/2002 Camden District 4584 6/18/2002 Carpenters Row 60 4/3/2002 Carpenters Row 60 9/10/2002 Central Christian School 100 4/16/2002 Central Christian School 100 9/10/2002 Chimney Hill 354 6/18/2002 Delaware State University 3500 4/3/2002 Delaware State University 3500 9/10/2002 East NCC District 1107 3/11/2002 Emergency Operations Center 60 4/3/2002 Forest Grove 339 6/18/2002 Green Acres Day Care 200 9/10/2002 Hartly Elementary School 450 12/11/2002 Hillside Acres 201 6/18/2002 Love Creek 210 6/18/2002 McNicol Place 276 6/18/2002 Middletown Water Department 9900 11/12/2002 Mt Pleasant Trailer Park 117 4/3/2002 Playtex Family Products 700 12/24/2002 Victorian Village 60 4/3/2002 Victorian Village 60 9/10/2002 Walkers Mill 1038 6/18/2002 Webbs Landing 60 6/18/2002 Whispering Pines 885 6/19/2002 Wild Quail 621 6/18/2002 Total # of Violations: 29 # of Systems Affected: 24 # of Repeat Violators (Systems): 5 Total Population At Risk: 26237 Lead and Copper Rule Systems Which Are Required to Install Corrosion Control Treatment System Name Population Served Date Violation Occurred # of Systems Affected: # of Repeat Violators (Systems): Total Population At Risk: Trace Metal Violations System Name Population Served Date Violation Occurred Contaminant MCL1 In mg/l2 Level Found In mg/l 1MCL means Maximum Contaminant Level 2mg/l means milligrams per liter Total # of Violations: # of Systems Affected: # of Repeat Violators (Systems): Total Population At Risk: Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Violations System Name Population Served Date Violation Occurred Contaminant MCL1 In mg/l2 Level Found In mg/l 1MCL means Maximum Contaminant Level 2mg/l means milligrams per liter Total # of Violations: # of Systems Affected: # of Repeat Violators (Systems): Total Population At Risk: Conclusion In the preceding pages several numbers and statistics were presented, but what does it mean? Is my water safe to drink? During calendar year 2002, out of a population of over 783,600 persons who consumed public drinking water in the State of Delaware, only 46,813 persons (6%) were exposed to harmful (health related) contaminants . This means that 94% of the population was provided drinking water that met or exceeded the standards as set by the Safe Drinking Water Act, Federal and State Regulations. Out of 611 public water systems, 79, or 12.9%, had a violation and only 5 systems (<1%) were repeat violators. Given these numbers it would be safe to say that the overall status of Delaware's public drinking water is very good. The Office of Drinking Water, in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency and other State Agencies, is working with Delaware's public drinking water systems to ensure that violations have been corrected or are in the process of being corrected. The end result of this cooperative action is ensuring that all residents of and visitors to the State of Delaware receive a safe and potable source of drinking water. Any questions or comments concerning this report and summary can be directed to the Division of Public Health, Office of Drinking Water at (302) 739-5410. Office of Drinking Water Division of Public Health Blue Hen Corporate Center 655 Bay Road, Suite 203 Dover, Delaware 19903 (302) 739-5410 1996 World Almanac. Estimate using 2002 Census. Estimate using 1991 Delaware Geological Survey map. Estimate provided by the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. Values are in milligrams per liter (mg/l), unless otherwise specified. Number of major monitoring violations for sanitary survey under the Total Coliform Rule. First percentage based on population served, second percentage based on total number of public water systems. Systems performed own sampling. Includes public water systems which did not perform Lead and Copper Rule monitoring and systems which are required to install corrosion control treatment in accordance with the Lead and Copper Rule 1 28 iii 9 18 28